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Taliban 2.0: Stronger or Moving Towards Fragmentation?
Sep 07, 2023

Taliban 2.0: Stronger or Moving Towards Fragmentation?

Two years after the Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan, the debates around whether the group remains intact or has become divided have surfaced once again. In the immediate aftermath of the fall of Kabul in August 2021, there were speculations that the country could be going into a civil war or the Taliban would eventually come to a split. This brief analyses the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan’s resurgence in Kabul and weighs in o

Taxing corporations in the 21st century
Nov 30, 2021

Taxing corporations in the 21st century

It is clear that the reform that began by addressing tax challenges from digitalisation is now one of taxing MNEs better

Tech @2021: The dark underbelly of the chrome age
Jan 04, 2021

Tech @2021: The dark underbelly of the chrome age

As we enter the new decade, it is critical that nations and communities be able to realise the transformative potential of emerging technologies, in a

Technology for women in 2021: Perspectives from Kenya
Jan 08, 2021

Technology for women in 2021: Perspectives from Kenya

2020 has seen the rapid uptake of technology in both the formal and informal sectors with many formal employers adapting strategies that have allowed

Technology transfer, policy and climate change: Goal 2020 for India
Apr 20, 2010

Technology transfer, policy and climate change: Goal 2020 for India

In his opening remarks Mr. Sunjoy Joshi, ORF Distinguished Fellow, said that pace of adoption & innovation was critical for mainstreaming climate friendly technologies

The 2+2 dialogue: Don’t fight strategic gravity
Sep 05, 2018

The 2+2 dialogue: Don’t fight strategic gravity

New Delhi is pursuing a strategic partnership with the US because it is in India’s interest, and it is essential to keep in mind the core condition

THE 2012 AUSTRALIA-INDIA ROUNDTABLE  -  CO-CHAIRS- STATEMENT
Dec 04, 2012

THE 2012 AUSTRALIA-INDIA ROUNDTABLE - CO-CHAIRS- STATEMENT

The relationship between Australia and India is poised at an historic moment. Consciously overcoming a challenging period, leaders of the two countries have realised new levels of mutual trust and confidence that are in turn generating policy momentum.

The 2014 elections could mark the start of 21st century politics in India
Mar 05, 2014

The 2014 elections could mark the start of 21st century politics in India

General elections of 2014 could well be the most interesting election they will witness in their lifetime. Several developments suggest that the elections could mark a big shift of the political paradigm and, in that sense, they could well mark the true beginning of 21st century politics in the country.

The 2015 India-Bangladesh land boundary agreement: Identifying constraints and exploring possibilities in Cooch Behar
Jul 24, 2017

The 2015 India-Bangladesh land boundary agreement: Identifying constraints and exploring possibilities in Cooch Behar

The border between India and Bangladesh—highly crucial to their bilateral relationship—has always been difficult to manage given, for one, its sheer length. The most important bilateral initiative between Bangladesh and India may yet be the attempt to resolve the longstanding border dispute that arose after the Partition of 1947, by means of the 2015 Land Boundary Agreement (LBA) and the exchange of enclaves (chhitmahals) and adverse possessi

The 2020 US elections: What’s at stake for India?
Jun 12, 2020

The 2020 US elections: What’s at stake for India?

The dramatic change in just three months illustrates the unpredictable nature of US politics at an unpredictable time for the world — including Indi

The 2020s will be decade of digital lending with payments as steppingstone
Dec 22, 2020

The 2020s will be decade of digital lending with payments as steppingstone

As we move more towards a cash-flow based system of lending, companies are building their own risk assessment models for borrowers using both payment

The 2022 IPCC Climate Mitigation Report: Our final chance to reach 1.5 degrees
Apr 08, 2022

The 2022 IPCC Climate Mitigation Report: Our final chance to reach 1.5 degrees

The recently released IPCC report highlights the measures that need to be undertaken to achieve climate mitigation targets and the obstacles that will

The 2022 Winter Olympics: A cold reception?
Dec 16, 2021

The 2022 Winter Olympics: A cold reception?

Many states have decided to boycott the upcoming Winter Olympics in Beijing. Is this platform being used to draw the battle lines?

The 20th Party Congress and the way ahead for Chinese diplomacy
Oct 31, 2022

The 20<sup>th</sup> Party Congress and the way ahead for Chinese diplomacy

Much has been retained when it comes to the roadmap for China’s diplomacy, while the additions reflect a growing concern for the current internation

The 20th Central Military Commission appointments – What to make of it?
Nov 08, 2022

The 20th Central Military Commission appointments – What to make of it?

The line-up of the newly appointed CMC leadership indicates that the growing tensions and economic pressure are compelling China to address regional p

The 20th Party Congress and China’s New Roadmap
Aug 28, 2023

The 20th Party Congress and China’s New Roadmap

The 20th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in October 2022 and the subsequent leadership reshuffle gave a new mandate to a ruling elite that will sit at the helm till 2027. It happened at a time when the CPC is facing strong headwinds, among them a tech war with the United States (US) and a downturn in the domestic economy as a result of President Xi Jinping’s ‘zero-COVID-19’ policy. The CPC saw the protests that ensued a

The Bali G20 Leaders’ Declaration sends strong signals for global climate action
Nov 17, 2022

The Bali G20 Leaders’ Declaration sends strong signals for global climate action

The Declaration serves as a good starting point for a coherent Global South perspective on climate action from the G20

The developmental implications of the Union Budget 2021
Feb 01, 2021

The developmental implications of the Union Budget 2021

Much in contrary to the thinking that “markets are ruthless,” the lockdown brought to the fore the importance of market forces in promoting equity

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023: Recommendations for Inclusion in the Digital India Act
Oct 30, 2023

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023: Recommendations for Inclusion in the Digital India Act

The new Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) is market-friendly but is lacking in attention to privacy requirements for sensitive personal data. This report highlights three types of sensitive personal data—i.e., biometric, financial, and health—and emphasises the need for transparent consent mechanisms that will safeguard an individual’s data. It underscores the role of data fiduciaries, urging the formulation of clear operational

The Draft Digital Personal Data Protection Bill 2022: Recommendations to the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
Jan 18, 2023

The Draft Digital Personal Data Protection Bill 2022: Recommendations to the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

The recommendations are based on a stakeholder consultation organised by ORF on 1 December 2022. Although the authors have made the best efforts to give voice to the concerns of various stakeholder groups, this is not a consensus document and does not attribute comments to, or claim to represent, the positions of any individual or organisation. All statements, assertions or factual errors are attributable only to ORF.

The Emerging Domains of Conflict in the 21st Century
Aug 14, 2023

The Emerging Domains of Conflict in the 21st Century

Human civilisation is at a new moment of transition across social norms, economics, governance, and the environment, and is facing the dawn of a new era of inter-planetary human migration (to Mars). In the future, historians will look to the first half of the 21st century to tell the story of how these changes started and unfolded through five domains of conflict. These domains touch on the unravelling of governance structures in need of

The end of innocence: 2020 is the year the scales fell from our eyes, enduring challenges became visible
Dec 24, 2020

The end of innocence: 2020 is the year the scales fell from our eyes, enduring challenges became visible

It will be in the realm of ideas where the world would be seeking India’s leadership.

The Enduring Link Between Conflict and Hunger in the 21st Century
Oct 14, 2021

The Enduring Link Between Conflict and Hunger in the 21st Century

The economic consequences of the ongoing pandemic have pushed millions of people into hunger and poverty. Yet, in some parts of the world, critical levels of widespread hunger, or famine, had already made a resurgence long before the outbreak of COVID-19. This brief studies the famine-like situation in four countries in two continents—Yemen, South Sudan, Ethiopia, and North Korea—to demonstrate the direct link between conflicts and modern fam

The EU-India Relationship at 60: Where is it headed in 2023?
Mar 23, 2023

The EU-India Relationship at 60: Where is it headed in 2023?

India and the EU must work together to ensure that their partnership remains a positive force for stability and development in the Indo-Pacific region

The fearsome foursome in Modi season 2
Jun 04, 2019

The fearsome foursome in Modi season 2

The team comprising of Home Minister Amit Shah, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and the NSA Ajit Doval is a se

The four faces of 21st century Asian geopolitics
May 11, 2017

The four faces of 21st century Asian geopolitics

As global geopolitics enters a multipolar era, there is a need to assess the extent to which strategic concepts from the bipolar era remain valid and useful. In this brief, the notion of a ‘strategic triangle’, which became prominent during the Cold War, is extended to a ‘great-powers tetrahedron’ for Asia in the 21st century. The brief describes this notion and examines four triangular relationships involving India, China, Russia, and t

The future beckons: What 2020 revealed for Russia in the long-term
Jan 04, 2021

The future beckons: What 2020 revealed for Russia in the long-term

It is the ongoing changes in the international system and impact of global recession that have laid bare the challenges before Russia.

The future of work in 2021: Perspectives from South Africa
Jan 08, 2021

The future of work in 2021: Perspectives from South Africa

One thing is for sure, the future of work is digital.

The G-2 dilemma
Jun 11, 2013

The G-2 dilemma

The greatest impact of changing Sino-US relations will be on Asia, a primary theatre of interest for India. Beyond the simultaneous engagement with America and China, Delhi needs to deepen its partnership with its Asian friends and partners and raise India's own profile in the region.