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Russia-Belarus relations: The future of the union state
Apr 28, 2020

Russia-Belarus relations: The future of the union state

Will Belarus join Russia in a unified state — or will it maintain the status quo and mend relations with the West?

Russia-EU Relations: The End of a Strategic Partnership
Mar 11, 2021

Russia-EU Relations: The End of a Strategic Partnership

The end of the Cold War in 1991 presented Russia and the European Union (EU) with an opportunity to reorganise their bilateral relationship. For more than a decade, they did manage to nurture close ties. Beginning in the mid-2000s, however, the relationship steadily declined, reaching its lowest in 2014 in the aftermath of the Ukrainian crisis. As mutual grievances have accumulated since then, there has been an absence of a forward-looking agenda

Russia-Pak relations: Beyond Putin's cancelled trip to Islamabad
Oct 03, 2012

Russia-Pak relations: Beyond Putin's cancelled trip to Islamabad

While Russia is aware of Islamabad's role in fomenting international terrorism, it realises that any successful resolution of the problems associated with Afghanistan must involve Pakistan. A cancelled presidential visit cannot change the relevance of this, or of Russia's goal, in enhancing ties with Pakistan.

Russia-Pakistan relations and its impact on India
Jul 03, 2019

Russia-Pakistan relations and its impact on India

Pakistan, which has seen military assistance from US frozen during the Trump administration and a worsening of overall ties, has been eager to embrace

Russia-South Korea relations: Prospects and challenges
Jun 15, 2020

Russia-South Korea relations: Prospects and challenges

The positions of Russia and South Korea on regional affairs — given their respective relations with the China and US — will have a bearing on how

Russia-Turkey deal and geo-politics of gas
Dec 30, 2014

Russia-Turkey deal and geo-politics of gas

At a time when it is facing Western sanctions and a proxy war on oil prices, Russia sprang a huge surprise early this month by signing a gas deal with Turkey. The deal will enable Russia to pump natural gas into a Turkish hub, near the Turkey-Greece border and from there into the southern EU market.

Russia-Ukraine Crisis: Why India needs to do more
Mar 23, 2022

Russia-Ukraine Crisis: Why India needs to do more

Will the course and the outcome of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war alter New Delhi's foreign policy towards Moscow?

Russia-Ukraine war has entered a period of attrition
Mar 21, 2023

Russia-Ukraine war has entered a period of attrition

The US-led backers of Ukraine are facing a dilemma — arm Kiev quickly, or take time to train Ukrainian forces

Russia-Ukraine war: Is multipolarity the cause of crisis?
Apr 16, 2022

Russia-Ukraine war: Is multipolarity the cause of crisis?

Does multipolarity create more scope for conflicts and act as an impediment to global action or does it aid in conflict resolution and act as a harbin

Russia-Ukraine War: रूस और यूक्रेन के बीच जारी युद्ध को रोकने की कोशिशें कहां हो रही हैं?
Jul 26, 2023

Russia-Ukraine War: रूस और यूक्रेन के बीच जारी युद्ध को रोकने की कोशिशें कहां हो रही हैं?

रूस और यूक्रेन के बीच जारीwar को समाप्त करने और शांति स्थाप�

Russia-US deal puts Syrian rebels back to "minus one"
Sep 21, 2013

Russia-US deal puts Syrian rebels back to "minus one"

The Syrian rebels are not back to square one, but to minus one. They have been outsmarted by the Assad regime, just as the Russians outsmarted the Americans.

Russia-Vietnam cooperation in the Asia Pacific
Aug 02, 2013

Russia-Vietnam cooperation in the Asia Pacific

While Russia has been very careful of not antagonising China, which has emerged as Moscow's second largest trading partner in the Asia-Pacific, Beijing is uncomfortable by the nature of Moscow's involvement in Hanoi.

Russian ASAT Test Highlights Urgent Need for Space Governance Negotiations
Nov 20, 2021

Russian ASAT Test Highlights Urgent Need for Space Governance Negotiations

The absence of earnest multilateral discussions could send more states down the path of space weaponization, making access to space increasingly tricky.

Russian ASAT Test: More Trouble for Space Security
Jul 31, 2020

Russian ASAT Test: More Trouble for Space Security

Even as the war of words continues, there will need to be practical measures to deal with the increasing threats to space.

Russian Boost To Kyoto Protocol
Jun 07, 2004

Russian Boost To Kyoto Protocol

Humanity depends heavily on the various benefits that nature provides us. It's impossible to truly estimate its value. However, economists and environmental scientists have estimated in dollars what it would cost us to accomplish the services nature provides. Using multiple databases, they estimate that nature provides $33 trillion dollars worth of services every year¿that's nearly twice the annual Gross National Product (GNP) of all the countri

Russian Far East & opportunities for India
Jan 31, 2014

Russian Far East & opportunities for India

If the Indian government appropriately leverages Russia's goodwill, Russian Far East could turn out to be a growth area for Indian business. Innovatively implemented, India's ties with the Russian Far East could help cement Indo-Russian relations as well as bolster its ties with Central Asia and East Asia.

Russian foreign policy in Africa: Lessons from the 2023 Summit
Aug 11, 2023

Russian foreign policy in Africa: Lessons from the 2023 Summit

Although Russia plays an important role in Africa, it still falls short of exercising a wider influence

Russian pipeline
Jul 16, 2014

Russian pipeline

Given its vast coastline, Delhi should devote its attention for now to importing hydrocarbons by sea, investing in equity oil in Russia and other energy-rich countries, and concluding swap arrangements rather than grandiose transregional pipelines.

Russia–Germany ties: Charting a course through troubled waters
Oct 28, 2020

Russia–Germany ties: Charting a course through troubled waters

It is important that Berlin and Moscow take steps to address the deterioration in bilateral ties. There exist mutual areas of cooperation that need th

Russia’s Demographic trajectory: dimensions and implications
Jul 24, 2023

Russia’s Demographic trajectory: dimensions and implications

Demographic trends in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 have largely been unfavourable. Deaths exceeded births for the first time in 1992, and a period of negative growth followed which continued unabated until 2012 when marginal growth was achieved for the first time in two decades. This paper studies the demographic patterns in Russia since 1991, which are unique for several reasons. While population decline is common amo

Russia’s Low-Risk, High-Reward Strategy for its Return to Africa
Oct 12, 2023

Russia’s Low-Risk, High-Reward Strategy for its Return to Africa

Africa has become essential to Russia’s geostrategic posture as Moscow seeks to overcome the backlash to its invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. However, in the face of isolation and a contracting economy, Russia has realised that cultivating an entry point in Africa through conventional means such as foreign direct investment (FDI), trade, development assistance, or cultural and educational exchanges may not be its best option. Instead, Mosc

Russia’s Pivot to Asia policy in the wake of western sanctions
Mar 22, 2022

Russia’s Pivot to Asia policy in the wake of western sanctions

In the face of sanctions imposed by the West, Russia and Belarus look towards developing and maintaining economic and geopolitical partnerships with c

Russia’s Relations in Southeast Asia since 2014: Continuity and Change
Aug 20, 2020

Russia’s Relations in Southeast Asia since 2014: Continuity and Change

This paper outlines the development of Russia’s relations with the countries of Southeast Asia, focusing on the years after 2014. As relations with the West reached a new post-Cold War low, Moscow has intensified its efforts at building stronger ties with the East. The paper deals with the impact of these developments on the state of its political, economic and defense engagement in Southeast Asia, both bilaterally and multilaterally. It will s

S-400 CAATSA sanctions ball in US court
Nov 18, 2021

S-400 CAATSA sanctions ball in US court

The US wants to grab a major share of the Indian defence hardware market. But any imposition of sanctions will dampen chances of defence cooperation gaining further traction

S-400s, CAATSA Complicate India-US Ties
Nov 25, 2021

S-400s, CAATSA Complicate India-US Ties

It is not yet clear how the U.S. will respond to India’s receipt of Russia-made S-400 air defense systems.

SAARC 'A Non Starter
Dec 08, 2004

SAARC 'A Non Starter

SAARC conjures up an image of jamborees and no results. The South Asian Association of Regional cooperation with its seven members ( India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh) remains one of the most dysfunctional trade blocs and there is hardly any freedom of movement of goods, services and people. The next (13th) SAARC summit is going to be held in Dhaka in the beginning of January 2005.

SAARC countries need to do much more to fight terrorism
Mar 20, 2012

SAARC countries need to do much more to fight terrorism

India has said that the regional efforts to counter terrorism in South Asia continue to face significant challenges though there are various SAARC frameworks on suppression of terrorism since 1987.

SAARC energy agreement: What should be the next steps?
Dec 08, 2014

SAARC energy agreement: What should be the next steps?

The SAARC energy agreement signed may have given some hope for the realisation of energy cooperation in South Asia. But, it needs to be understood that an overarching agreement has little impact on project-based cooperation, owing to the centrality of India in the South Asian geography.

SAARC should focus on higher education
Jun 23, 2005

SAARC should focus on higher education

Amb M Rasgotra, International Affairs Adviser, Observer Research Foundation, and former Foreign Secretary of India, was invited as Chief Guest at the Convocation of the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lnaka, held on June 23, 2005. The complete text of his Convocation Address is reproduced below:

SAARC Summit: Finally, some positive movements
Nov 18, 2011

SAARC Summit: Finally, some positive movements

The 17th SAARC Summit was held at Addu Atoll, Maldives on the 10th and 11th of November 2011. The venue, in the words of the Bhutanese Prime Minister, reflected the vastness of South Asia.

SAARC Summit: Long term opportunities and immediate threats
Nov 24, 2014

SAARC Summit: Long term opportunities and immediate threats

Despite SAARC's failures of the past, the repeated declarations by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi of the need to reinvigorate ties with neighbouring states have created a renewed interest in the possibilities of multilateral cooperation under SAARC.

SAARC vs BIMSTEC: The search for the ideal platform for regional cooperation
Aug 17, 2023

SAARC vs BIMSTEC: The search for the ideal platform for regional cooperation

The failure of SAARC to nurture cooperation in South Asia has pushed regional players to search for an alternative.  BIMSTEC, grouping the nations in the Bay of Bengal region, is popularly favoured as the viable option. Two decades since its inception, however, BIMSTEC’s successes have been minimal. How workable is BIMSTEC as an option for pursuing regional cooperation in South Asia? Are SAARC and BIMSTEC competitors or do they complement each

SAARC: 'Challenge to do even better'
Nov 18, 2011

SAARC: 'Challenge to do even better'

The 17th SAARC Summit, held on 10-11 November at Addu City in Maldives, will be remembered for three things - for the inspiring speech of the outgoing Chair,

SAARC: Balancing regional realities, global modalities
Dec 06, 2014

SAARC: Balancing regional realities, global modalities

In context of SAARC, the reality of the situation demands that India handles Pakistan separately. India also has to approach the rest of SAARC neighbours with a more accommodative mind-set. Such mind-sets cannot be confined to sharing history and culture, economic prosperity and development-spending.

SAARC: The Way Ahead
Sep 15, 2023

SAARC: The Way Ahead

SAARC is nearly 30 years old yet is still weak. Today, South Asia is one of the world's least integrated regions. Members have weak economic ties, issues of national identity persist, and political tensions remain. What lies ahead for SAARC?

Sabarmati Summit
Sep 17, 2014

Sabarmati Summit

Hard-nosed realists around the world are impressed with Modi's diplomatic flair seen during his visits to Nepal and Japan. But they ask if Modi can go beyond the atmospherics and bring about a substantial change in the relationship with China. Here again, Modi has the opportunity to introduce change.

Safeguarding democracy: The Election Commission of India @75
Aug 15, 2022

Safeguarding democracy: The Election Commission of India @75

While the Constitution provides the ECI with a sturdy framework within which to operate, this same edifice has become a handicap to the organisation a

Saif Al-'Adl: New Interim al Qaeda chief
May 23, 2011

Saif Al-'Adl: New Interim al Qaeda chief

Within a fortnight of the death of Osama bin Laden, news came of the appointment of a senior al Qaeda leader, Saif Al-'Adl, as the interim chief, indicating clearly an internal tussle for the leadership of the global terrorist group, raising, in the process,

Saintliness versus efficiency
Nov 16, 2017

Saintliness versus efficiency

Saintliness is rigid in adapting to the world. Effectiveness — getting results on the ground, requires flexibility in implementation.

Same same, but different
Mar 27, 2015

Same same, but different

The buzzword across three principal Asian countries � India, China and Japan � is 'reform'. While the test for China is tough enough, the challenge for India is far tougher. Japanese PM Shinzo Abe has promised "the most drastic reforms since the end of the Second World War".

Sanctions only delay nuclear Iran
Mar 04, 2013

Sanctions only delay nuclear Iran

To understand the different aspects of the Iranian nuclear programme and its impact on the region, especially India, Observer Research Foundation, in collaboration with the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), organised a workshop on March 4, 2013.

Sanders narrows down the gap with Clinton
Jul 08, 2015

Sanders narrows down the gap with Clinton

Unlike the crowded and competitive Republican presidential nomination field, the Democratic field, for a long time, looked empty with only Hillary Clinton. The strong entry of Sanders in the Democratic nomination has given the American voters a fair choice between Clinton and Sanders' respective brands of politics.

Sankalp Patra: How real are the BJP’s promises?
Apr 16, 2019

Sankalp Patra: How real are the BJP’s promises?

Good performance invites the curse of heightened expectations unless tempered by realism. The BJP manifesto fails to walk this tightrope.

Sankararaman Murder Case: What's happening?
May 05, 2005

Sankararaman Murder Case: What's happening?

In yet another bizarre turn to the Sankararaman murder case, the Tamil Nadu police have arrested Mutt manager Sundaresa Iyer and junior pontiffs brother Raghu under the anti-drugs law. They have now been charged with conspiring to murder construction contractor Ravi Subramaniam, who has turned approver in the Sankararaman murder case,